Choosing Your First Telescope


Answers to some commonly asked questions


Q: Which type of telescope should I get: a refractor, reflector, or Catadioptic?

A: Each has its own advantages and disadvantages, which you must weigh against your own interests and needs.  Refractors are fairly portable and offer the finest image quality, but they're also the priciest per inch of aperture.  They excel for detailed views of the Moon and planets, but aren't very well suited for deep-sky observation.  Reflectors (Newtonians) boast generous light-gathering power for an economical price.  They provide excellent performance on deep-sky clusters, nebulas, and galaxies.  Reflectors tend to be bulky, and require more maintenance than other telescopes.  Catadioptic telescopes, such as the Cassegrains, are compact and portable, even in apertures of 8" or more.   They offer good, all-around optical prowess and are easily adapted for astrophotography.  They're not cheap, though; costs run upwards of $4500.00 for a 12" SCT.

Q: What will I be able to see?

A: The larger the telescope's aperture, the more you'll be able to see.  But even a 60mm refractor will reveal many breathtaking sights, including the rings of Saturn, Jupiter and its four largest moons, countless rills and craters on the Moon, the ghostly Orion Nebula, and the dazzling Double Cluster, to name a few.  With bigger telescopes, you'll see fainter objects and finer details.   But even with a telescope as large as 200" you'll see very little color.   Human eyesight is not capable of perceiving color at so faint a luminosity.  You won't see images like those viewed in all the popular astronomy books with lots of color and detail, because these are time-lapsed photo's.

Q: What type of telescope mount is best?

A: That depends.  An altazimuth mount is simpler to operate than an equatorial mount, and lighter in weight.  Altazimuths generally can't be motorized, however, and they require movement in two directions simultaneously to track celestial objects.  An equatorial mount is a bit more complex, but offers the advantage that objects can be tracked manually by turning only one knob.  Better equatorial mounts can be equipped with a motor drive for automatic tracking.  An equatorial takes more time to set up, and must be polar-aligned.

Q: How does sky darkness factor in?

A: The darker the sky, the better.  But even from a moderately light-polluted site, you'll be able to enjoy nice views of the Moon, the planets, and possibly some of the brighter deep-sky clusters and nebulas.   When skyglow (or light-pollution) is a factor, choose a telescope of smaller aperture (4" or less) and high focal ratio (f/8 or higher).  Using a light-pollution filter helps.  If you'll be observing from a dark, rural site, a telescope of any aperture and focal ratio will provide grand views.

Q: Isn't high power really important?

A: Surprisingly, no.  Aperture (the diameter of the main mirror or lens), not power, is what determines how much you'll be able to see.  Keep in mind that the higher the magnifying power, the dimmer an object will appear.  So high power is best reserved for studying bright objects, such as the Moon and planets.  In general, the sharpest, most pleasing views are obtained at low powers of 25X to 50X.

Q: What does a motor drive do?

A: A motor drive (or "clock drive") is like cruise control for a telescope.  It enables the scope to "track" the motion of the stars as they appear to move from east to west due to the Earth's rotation. Essential if you want to do astroimaging!

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