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Go (Baduk)
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'Go' - Koreans calls it
'Baduk' - is a game in
which black and white stones compete each other to occupy more territory on the
game board. While there are three major Go Rules such as Chinese Rule, Japanese
Rule and Korean Rule, Black&White follows Korean and
Japanese Rules. Korean Rule is quite similar to the Japanese Rule
except the number of territory given to the white stone for
compensation(Komi). Korean Rule gives 6.5 territory to the white stone while
5.5 territory in Chinese and Japanese Rules. However, the
number of stones for compensation could be modified in Black&White. In
counting methods, Korean Rule is different from Chinese Rule. For more details,
please refer AGA rules. |
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GAME BOARD
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The game board could be chosen among 19x19, 13x13 and
9x9 grid boards. The unit of the territory on the game board is a point
where two lines are crossed each other. The 19 by 19 grid creates total 361
points on the game board as shown in Figure 1. While Internet Go Server
supports any size of go boards, the Black&White does provide 9x9,
13x13 and 19x19 boards only.
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RANKING
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The below table is the Go Ranking table used
in Black&White. Each player will decide one's own rank during the
registration. Initially, this could be a guess. For the guest player, the
lowest rank, 18k, will be given. In the game, [P] will be added to professional
ranks to be distinguished by the amateur's ranks.
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Ranking Ranges |
| Professional |
9dan(highest) to 1dan(lowest) |
| Amateur |
9dan(highest) to 1dan and 1keup to 18keup(lowest) |
For IGS ranking, please refer
IGS ranking support.
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PROMOTION
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In default, 50 promotion-point will be given to each player
except guest players.
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Whenever the player wins a game, 5 points will be added. When
the promotion-point reached to 100, the player will be promoted to one up rank.
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If the player loses a game, then 5 points will be deducted and
the player's rank will be down-graded after the promotion-point becomes 0.
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After the player's ranking is upgraded or downgraded, the
promotion-point starts with 50 points again.
Please also refer
IGS rating.
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GAME TYPES
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HO-SUN: If the two player's ranks are
same, the game will be set as 'HO-SUN' game mode in default. In this game mode,
the 'Game Room Owner' who creates (or opens) the game room first choose either
'odd' or 'even' for the stone selection. Then the partner should guess the game
room owner's selection between 'odd' and 'even'. If the partner's guess is
right, the partner will pick up the black stone and, if not, the game room
owner will pick up the black stone. While the black stone player can move
the stone first on the game board, 6.5 points will be given to white stone
player when counting as compensation if the game board is 19x19 in
default. For the game board, 13x13 or 9x9, 0.5 compensation point is given
to the white stone in default.
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JUNG-SUN: If the two player's ranks are
different by one or two, the game will be set as 'JUNG-SUN' game mode in
default. In this game mode, the higher ranking player will pick up the white
stone and the lower ranking player pick up the black stone. 0.5 compensation
point will be given to the white stone player for counting regardless of the
game board grid size in default. This avoids draws. The black stone player
will move the stone first in the game.
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HANDICAP: If the two player's ranks are
different more than 2, the game will be set as 'HANDICAP' game mode in default.
Like 'JUNG-SUN' game mode, the higher ranking player will pick up the white
stone and the lower ranking player picks up the black stone and 0.5
compensation point will be given to the white stone player for counting
regardless of the game board grid size in default. In addition, two players
need to negotiate the number of handicap stones among 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 13,
21 and 25. Once the number of handicapped stones is determined, those
handicapped stones will be placed on the game board before the game starts on
behalf of the black stone. Then, the white stone has a right to move the
stone first on the game board as the game starts. Finally, the result of this
game will not be reflected on each player's promotion-point. This game
mode is for a teaching or a friendship.(IGS limits the number
of handicap stones to 9)
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GAME TIME
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Before game starts, two players can negotiate game time between
1 to 720 minutes (12 hours) for each player. In default, it is 30 minutes.
In IGS, the default time is 1 minute.
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Players can also negotiate the number of extra game timer and
extra game time for each timer. The number of extra game timers could be
selected between 0 to 6 and the extra time for each extra game timer will be
between 10 to 60 seconds. The same amount of game time and the same number of
extra game timer will be given to each player. For
IGS, byoyomi time and byoyomi stones need to be set.
The byoyomi time is a kind of the extra game time given to each
player after used-up all regular game time. In addition, during the
byoyomi time, each player should move the number of byoyomi stones other than
that the game will be over by timeout. The default byoyomi stones is 25 and
this could be modified only for the automatch.
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Those extra game timers will be activated for a player who
consumed all of the normal game time assigned to him or her. If one player
consumed all of the extra game time assigned to him or her, he or
she will lose the game. For
IGS, another extra game timer will be activated after the regular
game time becomes zero or after a player moves stones as the given number
of byoyomi stones in the previous byoyomi time.
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GAME METHODS
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Start Play The two players alternate in moving.
In 'HO-SUN' and 'JUNG-SUN' game modes, the black stone moves first while
for 'HANDICAP' mode, the white stone moves first.
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Moving Stones As already explained, there are
361 line-crossing points on the game board. Players can place a stone any point
among the 361 line-crossing points with the following three exceptions: A)Points
where black or white stones are already placed. B) Self-Capturing
position at which the stone is captured by the partner player automatically as
soon as the player moves the stone. C)Repeated board
position at which, by placing the stone, it repeats the previous board position
again and again. Self-Capturing and Repeated Board Position will be
explained more details in rule 3 and 4.
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Capturing One of the ways to win the game
is to capture the partner's stone as much as possible(At least this is true for
Korean and Japanese Rules though it does not matter in the end compared to
the Chinese Rule. For more details, please refer
AGA rules). A player can capture the partner player's stones by
surrounding them while the partner's stones are in a connected form by
horizontally and vertically but not diagonally without any empty points
. In Figure 2, if a black stone is placed at 'A'
position, the 9 surrounded white stones will be captured by the black
stone. The Self-Capturing position is any point where it
extends the connected forms and makes them to be surrounded by the opponent's
stones completely. In Figure 2, the position 'B ' will be
the Self Capturing position for the white stone and, as already
explained, the white stone is not allowed to be moved on the
position 'B'.
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Survival From
Being Captured Another important way to win the game is to
build empty spaces surrounded by one's own stones as much as
possible. To do this, it is necessary to move her/his own stones not to be
captured by the partner stones first. When more than one stone is
surrounded by opponent's stone completely, there is only one
way not to be captured by the surrounding stones. The
surrounded stones should have at least two empty points which are not
connected each other by horizontally and vertically. In Figure 3, the left side
white stones are alive since it has at least two empty points which are not
connected. However, on the right side, the white stones are dead since the two
empty points are connected. If a black stone is placed either on 'A'
or 'B', the whole white stones will be dead in
the end if the next black stone is placed on either 'B'
or 'A'. Once his/her own stones are alive, how to
expand the empty spaces is a key factor to win the game.
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Prevent
Repeated Board Position As explained in Capturing
part, single stone could be surrounded and captured by the partner player's
stones as a completely connected form. In the situation, each player can
capture the partner player's stone infinitely by placing a stone on the
captured location by the partner player and the game can not be progressed any
further. In Figure 4, if a white stone is placed on 'A', then
the black stone marked by the red-colored triangle will be captured. Right
after that, if a black stone is placed on 'B' at Figure 5, the
white stone marked by the red-colored triangle will be captured. Possibly, this
situation could be repeated forever. To prevent this situation, any player
is not allowed to move a stone which could produce 'Repeated Board
Position' right after the partner's stone move.
To move the black stone on the location, 'B',
in Figure 5 after the white stone is placed on 'A' in
Figure 4, the black stone player should move a black stone
in a different location at this turn and he or she
could move the black stone on the location, 'B', at
the next turn. This situation is called 'Pae' or 'Ko'. If one or
both players need to end the 'Pae' situation in favor of oneself, two
players should compete each other to move his/her own stone on
the position which produces the 'Pae' situation. For example in the below
figure 4 and 5, the white stone will try to move a white stone
at 'B' in Figure 5 after the white stone was moved at 'A' in figure 4.
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Take Back Before game starts, two players can
negotiate if they allow 'Take Back'. Once the game starts, this option can not
be modified. If it is agreed to allow the 'Take Back', a player can request
'Take Back' any time for one's own latest stone move or for the partner's.
However, the other player also has a right if he or she accepts the request or
not for each request. In default, this option is 'disabled'. In
IGS, the 'Take Back' is all the time allowed but it could be requested only
from the partner player not the player who move the stone.
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Pass Turn To finish up the game, two players
should agree upon that there are no more places to move a stone to occupy
more territories. If one of the two players thinks no more stone is needed to
finish up the game while the other doesn't, the player can pass his or her turn
to the partner player at his or her turn so that the partner can move a
stone wherever the partner wants.
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Remove Dead Stones Once one of the two players
thinks the game is completed, he or she can request 'Remove Dead Stone'
Request. If the partner does not accept the request, the player can pass the
turn to the partner or the player can move a stone to any neutral
empty points. If the partner accepts the request, both players should remove
the dead stones in the partner's occupied territory by clicking one's
own dead stones. For example, the black stone player should click the
black-colored dead stone. One single click on a dead stone will remove all dead
stones in a partner's territory. If one of the two players finds the game is
not done completely during he or she removes dead stones, he or she can
come back to in-play mode at any time.
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Acknowledge Rights to capture Stones In Favor of Capturing Stones
Sounds complex ? Sometimes, an arguing situation could be happened by the
two players. One player thinks some opponent's stones are dead while the
other player thinks the stones are alive. Let's see the Figure 6, 7, 8, 9 and
10. In Figure 6, while a black stone can not be moved either on 'A' or
on 'B', a white stone could be moved on 'A' since it could lead
a 'PAE' or 'KO'' situation as explained Rule 5. Figure 7 through
10 show how this is a 'PAE' situation. If this is happened during the
game is progressing, the white stone could catch the black stones only if
the outer white stones are alive and the white stone wins the
'Pae' situation. If this is happened at the end of the game, however, the
white stone will capture the black stone in the end since there is no more
place to move the black stone. As a result, during the 'Remove Dead
Stone ' phase, we acknowledge white stone's rights to catch the
black stones at the figure 6 without any further stone move.
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Neutral Points Please see the
Figure 11. On the assumption that
those surrounding black and white stones are alive at the end of the game,
the inner two empty points are neutral since both stones can not
be moved at the empty points to capture opponent's stones.
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Counting Territory After removing the dead
stones, one of the players can request counting to the partner player. The
total number of territory for each player = 'the total number of empty points
in the player's territory' - 'the total number of stones captured by
the partner player' + 'compensation points' if any. As already explained,
for 'HO-SUN' game mode, 6.5 compensation pointes will be given to the
white stone player unless it is not modified during the game negotiation time.
The neutral empty points are not counted for any player. The winner is the
player whoever got the more territories than the other player.
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Resign If one of the players thinks the game is
out of control and there is no other way to win the game, he or she can
give up the game at any time.
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Runaway During the game, as soon as one of the
players exits the game room or terminates the game software, he or she will
lose the game and partner will win the game.
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CONTACT
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If you have any question or suggestions, please send email to :
mail@gobw.net
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